Based on responses from 16,458 people in Belgium, Italy, Portugal and Spain, Euroconsumers’ 2025 Consumer Affordability Barometer captures a fragile moment. After years of pandemic and war, there were signs of recovery, with affordability in Belgium and Italy returning towards pre-Covid levels for the first time. But tariffs, the Iberian blackout and renewed energy shocks are putting that progress at risk. The report reveals widening inequality between households, persistent struggles to afford food, healthcare and energy, and consumers who are far from optimistic about the year ahead.
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